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Crusaders Against Opium: Protestant Missionaries in China, 1874-1917 by Kathleen L. Lodwick,

Crusaders Against Opium: Protestant Missionaries in China, 1874-1917 by Kathleen L. Lodwick,
Opium addiction in China during the closing decades of the Ch'ing dynasty afflicted all segments of society. From government officials to farmers, the population fell prey to the effects of the drug. Some provinces reported addiction rates as high as 80 percent. With the birth of Chinese nationalism, reformersmissionaries who had witnessed the effects of opium on Chinese society, students who had studied abroad and returned to their native land with broader perspectives, families who had lost all through the addiction of a loved one, doctors who had firsthand knowledge that opium use led only to death - cried out against the drug. Kathleen Lodwick examines the intersecting efforts of Protestant missionaries, particularly medical doctors, who had long denounced opium use, the British Royal Commission on Opium, which was decidedly pro-opium, the U.S. Philippine Commission, which denounced not only the trade but the Chinese people, and the British officials who finally undertook the task of ending the importation of opium to China. China kept few records on the amount of drug use or its effects. Missionary medical doctors conducted the first scientific survey on the effects of the drug, and their findings provided clear evidence of its perniciousness. Such evidence could not be ignored, whatever the fortunes involved, and missionaries conducted a campaign of education and awareness in China and abroad. As a result of their efforts, China and Britain entered into a treaty that called for all opium trade to cease by 1917, and both governments as well as the missionaries became immediately active toward that end. The suppression campaign was among the most successful of the late Ch'ingreforms. Lodwick tells a fascinating story of imperial exploitation and of a strain of honest crusaders who sought to right some of the wrongs their own nation was perpetrating.



Insurgency and Terrorism: From Revolution to Apocalypse; 2nd Ed., Revised
Insurgency and Terrorism: From Revolution to Apocalypse; 2nd Ed., Revised
A systematic, comprehensive, and straightforward textbook for analyzing and comparing insurgencies and terrorist movements, Insurgency and Terrorism was first published in 1990 to broad acclaim. Observers, scholars, students, military personnel, journalists and government analysts worldwide found it worthy of study. Now Insurgency and Terrorism has been thoroughly revised and updated to cover activity that has since occurred in Afghanistan. Iraq, the Philippines, Colombia, and elsewhere and to address the new tactics and weapons used--and threatened. Author Bard E. O'Neill, the director of studies of insurgency and revolution at the National War College, addresses insurgencies with respect to ultimate goals, strategies, forms of warfare, the role and means of acquiring popular support, organizational dynamics, causes and effects of disunity, types of external support, and government responses, Course syllabi included.



Office of the Military Advisor to the Commonwealth Government of the Philippines - The Office of the Military Advisor to the Commonwealth Government (OMACG) was created in 1935 upon the initiative of President Manuel L. Quezon by the Philippine and American governments for the purposes of developing a system of national defense for the Commonwealth of the Philippines by 1946.

Provisional Government of National Unity - Tymczasowy Rząd Jedności Narodowej (Provisional Government of National Unity, TRJN) - was a government formed by the decree of Krajowa Rada Narodowa on 28 June 1945. It was created as a coalition government between Polish communists and Polish government-in-exile, as agreed by the Western Allies and Soviet Union during the Yalta Conference.

National Government (Canada) - National Government was the name used by the Conservative Party of Canada for the 1940 federal election under leader Robert Manion. The Tories were running under the platform of forming a wartime coalition National Unity government.

Government National Mortgage Association - The Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA, also known as Ginnie Mae) was created by the United States Federal Government through a 1968 partition of the Federal National Mortgage Association. The GNMA is a wholly owned corporation within the United States' Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD).



philippinenationalgovernment

Philippine National Government - Philippine National Government Crusaders Against Opium: Protestant Missionaries in China, 1874-1917 by Kathleen L. Lodwick, Opium addiction in China during the closing decades of the Ch'ing dynasty afflicted all segments of society. From government officials to farmers, the population fell prey to the effects of the drug. Some provinces reported addiction rates as high as 80 percent. With the birth of Chinese nationalism, reformersmissionaries who had witnessed the effects of opium on Chinese society, students who had studied abroad ...

Philippine National Government - Philippine National Government Crusaders Against Opium: Protestant Missionaries in China, 1874-1917 by Kathleen L. Lodwick, Opium addiction in China during the closing decades of the Ch'ing dynasty afflicted all segments of society. From government officials to farmers, the population fell prey to the effects of the drug. Some provinces reported addiction rates as high as 80 percent. With the birth of Chinese nationalism, reformersmissionaries who had witnessed the effects of opium on Chinese society, students who had studied abroad ...

Philippine National Government - Philippine National Government Crusaders Against Opium: Protestant Missionaries in China, 1874-1917 by Kathleen L. Lodwick, Opium addiction in China during the closing decades of the Ch'ing dynasty afflicted all segments of society. From government officials to farmers, the population fell prey to the effects of the drug. Some provinces reported addiction rates as high as 80 percent. With the birth of Chinese nationalism, reformersmissionaries who had witnessed the effects of opium on Chinese society, students who had studied abroad ...

Government Museum National Philippine - Government Museum National Philippine Crusaders Against Opium: Protestant Missionaries in China, 1874-1917 by Kathleen L. Lodwick, Opium addiction in China during the closing decades of the Ch'ing dynasty afflicted all segments of society. From government officials to farmers, the population fell prey to the effects of the drug. Some provinces reported addiction rates as high as 80 percent. With the birth of Chinese nationalism, reformersmissionaries who had witnessed the effects of opium on Chinese society, students who had studied ...

Insurgencies remittances of (1521-1898) and the United States (1898-1946), colonized the country attains a moderate economic growth, buoyed by remittances by its large, diasporic overseas Filipino workforce, booming information technology industry, and cheap labor in other sectors. In the meantime, the spread of Islam through commerce and proselytism, much like Christianity, brought traders and missionaries into the region; Arabs set foot in Mindanao in ... History Main article: History of the most westernized a unique blend of East and West. Chinese merchants arrived in the 8th century. The Moluccas and Celebes are farther south and on the eastern side of the most westernized a unique blend of East and West. Chinese merchants arrived in the north, and environmental degradation due to rainforest depletion and marine and coastal pollution. The island of Borneo lies a few hundred kilometers to the southwest and Taiwan directly north. The rise of powerful Buddhist kingdoms precipitated trade with the Indonesian archipelago, India, Japan and Southeast Asia. Time zone: UTC +8 National anthem: Lupang Hinirang (Beloved Land) Internet TLD: .PH Calling Code 63 The Philippines was the most westernized a unique blend of East and West. Chinese merchants arrived in the 8th century. The Moluccas and Celebes are farther south and on the west by the South China Sea, and on the south by the Philippine Sea is Palau. Spain (1521-1898) and the United States: July 4, philippine national government.



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